Glass containers are used across beer, wine, beverage, perfume, pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetics. Because glass is smooth and non-absorbent, coding relies on fast-drying inks or laser to achieve reliable adhesion and permanence. Drivers are date/batch compliance, beverage traceability, and serialization on pharmaceutical glass. Three physical realities govern selection: condensation on cold-fill and chilled bottles defeats ink; dark amber and green glass cut contrast; and returnable bottles sometimes need washable ink.