The development of aviation industry promoted the status of laser cutting

The development of the aviation industry has promoted the position of laser cutting

As the world's leading brand in cutting and welding technology, Farrell provides high-power, high-end, and intelligent laser equipment. Mainly facing the global market. The laser cutting and plasma cutting systems are widely used in various production parts in the aviation and aerospace industries.

　　CNC fiber laser cutting machine

　　 an aviation Hundreds of parts of each component of the engine from the intake port to the tail nozzle need to be laser cut. This article takes the laser cutting of fan-shaped blades, heat shields and chemical milling parts as typical parts. From the requirements of the parts, the selection of equipment, and the application results The aspect introduced the application of advanced laser cutting technology in aero engine manufacturing.

　　1. Laser precision machining of fan-shaped blade plate hole

　　The fan-shaped block is a typical structural part of aero-engine. The side blades, blades, T-shaped blades and upper blades are brazed by high-temperature vacuum brazing.

　　The blades are rolled parts, with a contour accuracy of 0.05mm, and the front and rear edges R0.12mm. In order to meet the requirements of the brazing for the assembly gap between the blade and the blade hole of the blade plate of 0.05~0.1mm and the position of each hole φ0.08mm, the runner blade plate, the large flanged blade plate and the upper blade type The blade hole processing of the plate allows laser cutting, and the thickness of the remelted layer is ≤0.03mm. Ensuring the profile, position and remelting layer requirements of the part is the difficulty of the part.

　　2. Laser precision cutting of heat shield group holes

　　The heat shield is a conical multi-ring wave, with a wall thickness of 0.8~1.2mm, a diameter and height of about 1m, a hole diameter of 1~5mm, and a hole perpendicular to the surface of the part. The number ranges from 20 to 100,000. Such parts are generally manufactured by sheet metal forming and welding processes. After heat treatment, large residual deformations are not easy to eliminate. In the free state of the parts, the roundness deviation reaches 100mm, the wave height deviation is about 3mm, and the wave pitch deviation is about 5mm. The hole processing is the position accuracy of the hole center from the wave crest ±0.2mm. Due to the large deviation of the parts in the free state, the number of holes is extremely large, and the general processing methods cannot be efficient and quality requirements, so laser processing is required. The hole to be processed is >0.8mm, and the hole is processed by laser ring cutting.

　　 In the case of parts with large roundness, wave height, and wave pitch deviation, it is difficult to ensure the hole position requirements for this part.

　　 Through part feature scanning, the actual position of each wave crest of multiple waves on the part is measured, and then the multi-function processing program is used to adjust the punching position of each row to realize the circular wave shape part axis Punch to high precision.

　　The hole on the part is perpendicular to the surface of the part. The traditional tracking method is to track along the processing direction, which will produce a certain height deviation. Use directional tracking surface technology to ensure the accuracy of hole position measurement and processing. The directional tracking surface is shown in Figure 5. Through the application of multiple advanced functions, the requirements of the parts are guaranteed, and the parts are finished by cutting holes.

　　3, titanium alloy milling coating Laser cutting

　　In order to improve the performance of aero engines, parts with special requirements are often designed. As shown in Figure 7, the casing cylinder, the parts are made of titanium alloy, the cylinder is φ1000mm, the height is 600mm, and the wall thickness is 1mm. The barrel is divided into various functional mounting seats and 5mm thick ribs to achieve the weight of 1mm thick barrel and the performance of 4 mm barrel strength.

　　 The part can be manufactured by machining a 5mm thick cylinder with a CNC machining center, but there are difficulties in machining titanium alloy materials, a large amount of machining, low machining efficiency, and large and thin parts that are not easy to guarantee requirements. Wait for multiple questions. The use of chemical milling processing methods can greatly improve efficiency and quality, and reduce costs.

　　 casing cylinder milling is to make parts into 5mm thick cylinder titanium alloy cylinder, apply anti-corrosion coating on the surface of the part, and engrave the shape line with high precision according to the shape of the rib and the mounting seat. , Remove the coating on the surface to be milled, immerse the parts in the milling fluid to etch, and complete the processing of the parts. Accurate and efficient engraving of shape lines is the key technology of chemical milling technology, and only laser cutting can meet the requirements.

The application of 　　 laser processing technology in aircraft engine manufacturing includes laser welding, laser cutting, laser drilling, laser surface treatment, laser additive manufacturing, etc., among which laser cutting accounts for laser Processing more than 70% of the total output is a major laser process technology. Laser cutting processing technology is a key manufacturing technology that promotes the development of high-performance, lightweight, long-life, short-cycle, and low-cost mobile tools represented by aviation and aerospace flight. Especially in the aviation industry, laser cutting processing technology has greatly promoted the leapfrog development of aviation manufacturing technology.